International Law Prof Blog

2015 ILA-ASIL Asia-Pacific Research Forum (Taipei, Taiwan)

The Chinese (Taiwan) Society of International Law, in partnership with the American Society of International Law's Interest Group on the Pacific Rim Region, will hold the ILA-ASIL Asia-Pacific Research Forum on May 25-26, 2015 in Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.

The theme of the Research Forum is: “Integrating the Asia-Pacific: Why International Law Matters.” Confirmed speakers include Taiwan President Ma Ying-jeou, ASIL President Lori Damrosch, Chief Justice of India H L Dattu, and Judge Helmut Tuerk of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea.

Click here to see the tentative program and registration information. The registration deadline is May 1, 2015.

(mew)

Cyclone Hits Vanuatu

A cyclone expected to miss Vanuatu turned and hit the island nation.  Click here to read more and see a short video from the BBC.

Wishing you a speedy recovery, Vanuatu, and hoping that all of our readers there are safe.

(mew)

 

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Last Call for the Early Bird Registration for the Spring Meeting of the ABA Section of International Law

The early bird deadline for the ABA Section of International Law Spring Meeting expires March 16, 2015.

 

The 2015 Spring Meeting will be held in the beautiful and historic city of Washington, DC from April 28 - May 2, 2015. Join over 1,200 leading attorneys, corporate counsel, government officials, academics and NGO lawyers for four days of networking and programming on the latest international legal and ethics issues. On Tuesday, you can also attend a special workshop at the Law Library of Congress.

 

The 2015 Spring Meeting will offer you:

• Cutting edge programming and an entire year's worth of CLE including nearly 70 substantive concurrent panel sessions that will cover themes including: Business, Disputes, Energy/Environment, Intellectual Property, Law Practice and Human Rights.
• Opportunities to learn from top legal experts and hear from world class speakers including:  Bill Browder, Chief Executive Officer and Co-Founder of Hermitage Capital Management; International Court of Justice Judge Joan Donoghue; and United States Supreme Court Justice Sonia Sotomayor.
• Networking opportunities with thought leaders and experts, policy makers, key international enforcers, decision makers and international leaders in the law.

Save on your registration by taking advantage of early bird rates before March 16th! Registration rates are further discounted for young lawyers (35 years and under), full time government and NGO employees, academics, law students, corporate counsel, solo / small practice and retired attorneys, and members of the ABA Section of International Law and cooperating entities (like the American Branch of the International Law Association, for example).

Hat tip to Houston Putnam Lowry of the American Branch of the International Law Association (ABILA)

(mew)

The U.S. Continues its National Emergency With Respect to Iran

On Friday March 13, 2015, President Obama  announced the continuation of the national emergency with respect to Iran. FR13469

(Hat tip to the ABA Governmental Affairs Office)

(mew)

 

International Tax

The Senate Finance Committee will hold a hearing on the U.S. international tax system on March 17, 2015 at 10 am in Room 215 of the Dirksen Senate Office Building, Washington, D.C.

(mew)

Iceland Drops Bid to Join EU

Iceland formally announced yesterday that it will no longer pursue membership in the European Union (EU).  Iceland applied for EU membership in 2009 when it was in an economic crisis. However, the government of Iceland suspended talks in May 2013 after a center-right coalition took power.  At that time, 27 of the 35 legislative chapters in the accession talks had been opened and 11 had been concluded.  The biggest remaining disputes related to agriculture and fisheries.  Now that Iceland's economy is doing much better, Iceland's government has announced that it believes "Iceland's interests are best served outside the European Union."

(cgb)

WTO Establishes Two Dispute Resolution Panels Involving Canada

The World Trade Organization (WTO) announced yesterday that it has established two new dispute resolution panels to address one dispute in which Canada is a respondent and one dispute in which Canada is a claimant. 

In DS482, Chinese Taipei asserts that Canada's anti-dumping measures on imports of Certain Carbon Steel Welded Pipes are inconsistent with Canada's WTO obligations. Canada contends that its measures are consistent with the WTO Agreements. As this was Chinese Taipei's second request, the DSB established a panel. China, EU, Korea, Norway, United Arab Emirates and the United States reserved their third-party rights to participate in the Panel’s proceedings.

In the second dispute, DS483, Canada alleges that China's anti-dumping measure on imports of Cellulose Pulp from Canada are inconsistent with China's obligations under the Anti-Dumping Agreement and the GATT 1994. China, of course, believes that the measure is consistent with its WTO obligations. The DSB established a panel and Chile, EU, Japan, Korea, Norway and the United States reserved their third-party rights to participate in the Panel’s proceedings.

For more information regarding these disputes and other dispute resolution activity at the WTO, see this WTO news item.

(cgb)

Venice Academy for Human Rights

The Venice Academy of Human Rights will take place from 6-15 July 2015. The theme of this year’s academy is ‘(Dis)Integration through Human Rights: Citizens, Courts, Communities.’ Online applications are accepted until 3 May 2015, but if you hurry you can take advantage of an "early bird" registration with a reduced participation fee until 15 March 2015.

Faculty of the Venice Academy 2015

Distinguished Opening Lecture

• Albie Sachs, Former Judge of the Constitutional Court of South Africa

General Course

• Will Kymlicka, Canada Research Chair in Political Philosophy, Queen’s University

Faculty

• Armin v. Bogdandy, Director of the Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law, Heidelberg
• Andreas Føllesdal, Professor of Political Philosophy at the Norwegian Centre for Human Rights and Director of the Norwegian Centre of Excellence PluriCourts for the Study of the Legitimate Roles of the Judiciary in the Global Order, University of Oslo
• Marc Weller, Professor of International Law and International Constitutional Studies and Director of the Lauterpacht Centre for International Law, University of Cambridge
• Marlene Wind, EURECO Professor and Director of the Centre for European Politics, University of Copenhagen

You can view the detailed programme here.

Key Facts
Participants: Academics, practitioners, PhD/JSD and master students
Type of courses: Lectures, seminars, workshops and discussion sessions
Number of hours: up to 35 hours of courses
Location: Monastery of San Nicolò, Venice - Lido, Italy
Fees: 500 EUR (early bird registration until 15 March), 600 EUR (16 March - 3 May 2015)

Venice Academy of Human Rights
The Venice Academy of Human Rights is an international programme of excellence for human rights education, research and debate. It forms part of the European Inter-University Centre for Human Rights and Democratisation (EIUC). The Academy offers interdisciplinary thematic programmes open to academics, practitioners, doctoral and master students with an advanced knowledge of human rights. Participants attend morning lectures, participate in discussion sessions and workshops and can exchange views, ideas and arguments with leading international scholars and experts. This includes the opportunity for a number of participants to present and discuss their own “work in progress” such as drafts of articles, chapters of books or doctoral theses and receive comments from faculty members and peers. At the end of the programme, participants receive a Certificate of Attendance issued by the Venice Academy of Human Rights.

Hat tip to Knut Taisbach

(mew)

BIICL Annual Grotius Lecture and Dinner 2015

The American Society of International Law is proud to be a co-sponsor for the British Institute of International and Comparative Law's Annual Grotius Lecture and Dinner, March 26, 2015.

Date: Thursday 26 March 2015
Venue: The Law Society, 113 Chancery Lane, London WC2A 1PL The British Institute of International and Comparative Law (BIICL) takes great pleasure in inviting you to this year's Annual Grotius Lecture and Dinner.

Annual Grotius Lecture
17:30-18:30 (followed by drinks reception)
Eleanor Sharpston QC will deliver the 2015 Annual Grotius Lecture on the subject 'Squaring the Circle? Fighting Terrorism whilst Respecting Fundamental Rights'.

Eleanor has been Advocate General at the Court of Justice since 2006. After serving as a référendaire (judicial assistant) to Advocate General, subsequently Judge, Sir Gordon Slynn, she taught and researched what was then EC law, together with comparative law, at University College London and then at King's College Cambridge. In parallel, she pursued a career at the Bar specialising in EC law and the ECHR, becoming a Queen's Counsel in 1999. She has published widely on European Union law and comparative law. She brings her extensive experience as an academic, practitioner and now Advocate General to this prestigious Annual Lecture of BIICL.

The Lecture will be of great interest to barristers, solicitors, judges, arbitrators, government officials, intergovernmental officials, academics, students and all with an interest in European law.

Annual Grotius Dinner
19:30-22:00
Sir Paul Jenkins KCB QC will be the speaker for the Grotius Dinner. Sir Paul was the United Kingdom Government's principal legal official from 2006 to 2014, serving as Treasury Solicitor, Permanent Secretary to the Attorney General and Head of the Government Legal Service.

Paul joined the Government Legal Service from the self-employed Bar in 1979 and spent his early career in the Treasury Solicitor's Department. In 1992 he became the first Legal Adviser to the Department for Culture, Media and Sport. From 1998 to 2004 Paul was the Legal Adviser to the Lord Chancellor's Department and then Director General of the Legal and International Group in the Department of Constitutional Affairs. Prior to his appointment as Permanent Secretary, Paul was the Legal Adviser to the Departments for Work and Pensions and Health. He has been a Bencher of the Middle Temple since 2002 and is a Trustee of the British Institute of International and Comparative Law. He now provides independent consultancy and advisory services to governments and commercial organisations in the UK and internationally.

For further information and to book online please visit www.biicl.org/grotius2015.

The World Health Organization and the World Food Programme Join Forces to Bring the Number of New Ebola Cases in West Africa Down to Zero

The United Nations World Health Organization (WHO) and the World Food Programme (WFP) have announced they are combining their expertise in public health and logistics in a new partnership to bring the Ebola outbreak down to zero in West Africa.

“This partnership increases both agencies’ abilities to reach, monitor and respond to the needs of all people touched by Ebola,” which has affected some 24,000 people with nearly 10,000 deaths, WHO Director-General Margaret Chan said in the announcement.

“It helps us deploy and maintain technical teams with expertise in infection prevention and control, epidemiology, and contact tracing, enabling dedicated health workers in the deep field to do their best work,” according to Dr. Chan. “The partnership is also a learning opportunity for the future, informing our capacities to launch joint operations during large-scale emergencies.”

“Over the past seven months, partnerships have been crucial in fighting this devastating outbreak,” said WFP Executive Director Ertharin Cousin. “WFP has worked with our partners to respond to communities’ most basic needs – making sure food is reaching everywhere that the Ebola virus has hit.”

Ms. Cousin said her agency’s logistical support to WHO and the wider humanitarian community has enabled affected people to receive the urgent care and support they need.

“We are making progress, however we must remain vigilant,” Ms. Cousin said. “The Ebola crisis will not end until we identify, reach and successfully treat every last case. Recognizing this goal, the WHO-WFP partnership – a joint technical and operational force – will continue providing the support required to achieve zero cases.”

The two agencies agreed to combine their expertise in joint operations in more than 60 priority districts and prefectures on the ground in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone, the three most Ebola-affected countries.

“In districts with ongoing Ebola transmission, WFP is ensuring that WHO disease detectives have the resources they need – computer equipment, phones and stable internet connectivity – to share information critical to tracking and stopping the virus,” according to the announcement.

WFP is also managing the fleet of rugged vehicles carrying WHO social anthropologists and epidemiologists to isolated villages, where they will continue gaining the trust of communities to find and follow contacts of Ebola patients until all cases are resolved.

WHO is the directing and coordinating authority for health within the UN system and WFP is the world's largest humanitarian agency fighting hunger worldwide.

(adapted from a UN press release)

Related articles

WHO and World Food Programme join forces to reach zero Ebola cases

WHO and World Food Programme join forces to reach zero Ebola cases

WHO Ebola update, March 6: 24,014 cases; 9,840 deaths

International Religous Freedom

The U.S. Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on State, Foreign Operations and Related Programs,  will hold a hearing on international religious freedom on March 11, 2015 at 2 pm in Room 124 of the  Dirksen Senate Office Building in Washington D.C.

Hat tip to the ABA Governmental Affairs Office

(mew)

Private International Law Prize 2015

The Private International Law Interest Group (PILIG) of the American Society of International Law invites submissions for this year’s ASIL Private International Law prize. The prize is given for the best text on private international law written by a young scholar. Essays, articles, and books are welcome, and can address any topic of private international law, can be of any length, and may be published or unpublished, but not published prior to 2014. Submitted essays should be in the English language.  Competitors may be citizens of any nation but must be 35 years old or younger on December 31, 2014. They need not be members of ASIL.

This year, the prize will consist of a $400 stipend to participate in the 2015 or 2016 ASIL Annual Conference, and one year’s membership to ASIL. The prize will be awarded by the Private International Law Interest Group based upon the recommendation of a Prize Committee. Decisions of the Prize Committee on the winning essay and on any conditions relating to this prize are final.

Submissions to the Prize Committee must be received by June 1st 2015.

Entries should be submitted by email in Word or pdf format. They should contain two different documents: a) the essay itself, without any identifying information other than the title; and b) a second document containing the title of the entry and the author’s name, affiliation, and contact details.

Submissions and any queries should be addressed by email to Private International Law Interest Group Co-Chairs Prof. S.I. Strong ([email protected]) and Cristian Gimenez Corte ([email protected]). All submissions will be acknowledged by e-mail.

Hat tip to Prof. S.I. Strong

(mew)

ITLOS Schedules Hearing in Ghana/Cote d'Ivoire Maritime Boundary Dispute

The International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS) has scheduled a public hearing in the Dispute Concerning Delimitation of the Maritime Boundary between Ghana and Cote d'Ivoire in the Atlantic Ocean. The hearing will consider Cote d'Ivoire's request for provisional measures preventing Ghana from continuing its oil exploration activities in the disputed area.  The hearing is open to the public and will begin on Sunday, March 29 and will continue on Monday, March 30.  For more information, see this ITLOS press release.

(cgb)

ABA Section of International Law Spring Meeting in DC - Early Bird Registration Expires Soon

The early bird deadline for the ABA Section of International Law Spring Meeting expires March 16, 2015.

 

The 2015 Spring Meeting will be held in the beautiful and historic city of Washington, DC from April 28 - May 2, 2015. Join over 1,200 leading attorneys, corporate counsel, government officials, academics and NGO lawyers for four days of networking and programming on the latest international legal and ethics issues. On Tuesday, you can also attend a special workshop at the Law Library of Congress.

 

The 2015 Spring Meeting will offer you:

• Cutting edge programming and an entire year's worth of CLE including nearly 70 substantive concurrent panel sessions that will cover themes including: Business, Disputes, Energy/Environment, Intellectual Property, Law Practice and Human Rights.
• Opportunities to learn from top legal experts and hear from world class speakers including:  Bill Browder, Chief Executive Officer and Co-Founder of Hermitage Capital Management; International Court of Justice Judge Joan Donoghue; and United States Supreme Court Justice Sonia Sotomayor.
• Networking opportunities with thought leaders and experts, policy makers, key international enforcers, decision makers and international leaders in the law.

Save on your registration by taking advantage of early bird rates before March 16th! Registration rates are further discounted for young lawyers (35 years and under), full time government and NGO employees, academics, law students, corporate counsel, solo / small practice and retired attorneys, and members of the ABA Section of International Law and cooperating entities (like the American Branch of the International Law Association, for example).

Hat tip to Houston Putnam Lowry of the American Branch of the International Law Association (ABILA)

(mew)

International Women's Day 2015

March 8 is International Women's Day, a time to celebrate the achievements of women while calling for greater equality.  This year's theme is "Make It Happen", which was chosen to encourage effective action for advancing and recognizing women.

The first International Women's Day was held in 1911. On this day, thousands of events occur around the world to mark the economic, political and social achievements of women. Organisations, governments, charities, educational institutions, women's groups, corporations and the media celebrate the day.

The United Nations General Assembly declared March 8 to be International Women's Day during the International Women's Year in 1975.  This year, the UN has adopted the theme - "Empowering Women - Empowering Humanity: Picture It!"  For more information on UN-related history and events to honor the day, click here.

Ideas for recognizing the day:

Go purple - From 1908, the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU) in Great Britain adopted the colour scheme of purple, white and green to symbolise the plight of the Suffragettes. Purple symbolised justice and dignity - two values strongly associated with women's equality. The three colours were used for banners, flags, rosettes and badges to show solidarity.

Donate to a women's charity or support a female-focused crowd-funding initiative. According to the International Labor Organization, microcredit or microfinance projects have empowered over 80 million women worldwide, giving them respect, independence and allowing them to participate in the development of their communities. 

Attend an International Women's Day event and show your support for an inspiring woman.

Urge your State to ratify and implement the Convention on the Preventing and Combatting Violence Against Women and Domestic Violence (also known as the Istanbul Convention). For more information, click here.

For more ideas, visit the International Women's Day website.

(cgb)

AALS Section on International Human Rights Law

Congratulations to Stuart Ford of The John Marshall Law School in Chicago, who finished his term as Chair of the Association of American Law Schools Section on International Human Rights Law, and congratulations to the new officers elected for 2015:

Chair:  Jonathan Todres (Georgia State)

Chair-Elect: Richard Klein (Touro)

Secretary:  Milena Sterio (Cleveland State)

Treasurer: Tim Webster (Case Western)

Executive Committee members (in addition to the above):  Michele Alexandre (Mississippi); Penny Andrews (Albany); Sahar Aziz (Texas A&M); Stuart Ford (The John Marshall Law School - Chicago); Peter Halewood (Albany), Berta Hernandez-Truyol (Florida); Faisal Kutty (Valparaiso), Tom McDonnell (Pace); Sharmila Murthy (Suffolk); Ved Nanda (Denver); Carol Pauli (Texas A&M); Brett Scharffs (BYU); Jonathan Stubbs (Richmond).

(mew)

WTO Ruling on Country of Origin Labeling Expected May 18

The Bureau of National Affairs' WTO Reporter tells us that the World Trade Organization (WTO) Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) reviewing the U.S. rules for Country of Origin Labeling (COOL) is expected issue the report on that appeal by May 18, 2015. The case considers U.S. COOL regulations that require meat producers to specify on retail packaging where each animal was born, raised, and slaughtered. Mexico and Canada claim that U.S. COOL rules harm their pork and beef industries by imposing undue burdens and costs that exceed $1 billion per year.

The DSB report on the US labeling requirements would have come out sooner but the DSB has a heavy current workload, cases with rather complex issues, and an overworked translation service at the WTO.  So look for that WTO DSB COOL Report in May.  Cool.

(mew)

Related articles

US requests WTO consultation with China over export-contingent subsidies

Country of Origin Labelling Measures and WTO Rules

COOL Case Dismissed

IACHR Requests Adoption of Precautionary Measures in Two Cases

Over the course of the last week, the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR or Commission) has adopted precautionary measures in two cases - one involving Mexico and the other involving Venezuela.

On February 25, 2015, the Commission requested the adoption of precautionary measures in favor of Norma Mesino Mesino and ten members of her family in Mexico. The request for precautionary measures alleges that Ms. Mesino is allegedly at risk in view of her activities as a human rights defender and her actions taken to solve the murders of her family. After analyzing the allegations of fact and law, the Commission determined that Ms. Mesino and her  family are in a serious and urgent situation because her life and personal integrity are at risk. Consequently, in accordance with Article 25 of its Rules of Procedures, the Commission requested the State of Mexico to adopt necessary measures to ensure the life and personal integrity of Norma Mesino Mesino and ten members of her family who are identified within the resolution; to take the necessary measures to ensure that Ms. Mesino continues developing her activities as a human rights defender without being subject to violence and harassment in the exercise of her functions; to agree on the measures to be adopted with Ms. Mesino, her family and their representatives; and to report the actions taken to investigate the events that led to the adoption of this precautionary measure to avoid repetition.

In addition, on March 2, 2015, the Commission decided to request the adoption of precautionary measures in favor of Lorent Saleh and Gerardo Carrero, in Venezuela. The request for precautionary measures alleges that the beneficiaries are at risk because they are allegedly not receiving proper health treatment and they are allegedly in detention conditions that could affect their right to life, health and physical integrity. After analyzing the allegations of fact and law, the Commission determined that Lorent Saleh and Gerardo Carrero are in a serious and urgent situation, since their life and safety are at risk. Consequently, the Comission requested the State of Venezuela to adopt the necessary measures to protect the life and personal integrity of Lorent Saleh and Gerardo Carrero, providing adequate medical treatment for their pathologies; to ensure that the detention conditions of Lorent Saleh and Gerardo Carrero are in accordance with international standards, taking into account their current health status; and to come to an agreement with the beneficiaries and their representatives on the measures to be adopted.

(cgb)

Call for Presenters: Global Legal Skills Conference

The Global Legal Skills conference, in its 10th year, will be held in Chicago, the city of its origin. The Conference began in Chicago at The John Marshall Law School, where it was held three times. It has also traveled to Mexico (twice), to Costa Rica (twice), to Georgetown University Law Center in Washington, D.C., and most recently to the University of Verona Faculty of Law in Verona, Italy.

This year’s conference (GLS 10) will be held at The John Marshall Law School for the first two days and will be hosted at Northwestern University School of Law for its final day. The two schools are within walking distance and are also served by subway line

The first call for proposals for presentations has already closed and acceptance messages are going out to those who submitted.  This is the second call for presenters. Proposals should be for a 25-minute presentation (for one or two people) or an interactive group panel presentation (no more than four panelists) of 75-minutes (including audience participation).

The conference audience will include legal writing professionals, international and comparative law professors, clinical professors and others involved in skills education, law school administrators, law librarians, and ESL/EFL professors and scholars. Also attending will be faculty members teaching general law subjects with a transnational or international component. Attendees have also included judges, lawyers, court translators, and others involved in international and transnational law. Attendees come from around the world, and as many as 35 countries have been represented in past conferences.

Please submit a proposal on any aspect of Global Legal Skills, including experiential learning, distance education, comparative law, international law, course design and materials, teaching methods, and opportunities for teaching abroad and in the United States. However, because the conference focuses on legal skills for a global audience, please tailor your proposal accordingly.

The schedule for GLS 10 will allow for professional networking opportunities and development and also a chance to take in the many sites (and excellent restaurants!) Chicago has to offer. Chicago is served by two airports, O’Hare and Midway, making travel to the city easy. The timing of the conference (the week before Memorial Day weekend) is intended to allow you to spend extra time exploring Chicago and its environs at a time when the temperatures are moderate and the skies are clear.

This is a self-funded academic conference, and as in past years, presenters will be asked to pay the registration fee of $225.00. A small number of need-based scholarships will also be available, especially for participants from outside the United States. Additional tickets for family members and friends will also be available for the walking tour, law school reception, and Union League Club Gala Dinner. Chicago in the springtime is a great travel destination for families where they can enjoy Millennium Park, two world class zoos, and the amazing Museum Campus.

You may submit more than one proposal but because of high demand for speaking slots you will only be allowed to speak on one panel.

Please send program proposals to [email protected]. You can also send a copy to Lurene Contento (Program Chair of GLS 10). Her email is [email protected].

Please include “GLS 10 Proposal” in the subject line. Then, list the names and institutional affiliations of presenters, the title of your presentation, a brief summary of your presentation, the format you would prefer (25 minutes or 75 minutes), and the target audience.

You will find travel information and more conference information on the GLS website, glsc.jmls.edu/2015. Additional proposals will be accepted through April 15 if additional speaking slots are available.

Spanish Language CLE Proposals

You may also submit proposals for CLE presentations in Spanish. A Spanish-language CLE track will include sessions for attorneys, law students, and court translators. Persons submitting proposals for presentations in Spanish may also submit a proposal in English as an exception to the single presentation rule. Proposals are sought on topics such as “Introduction to Mexican Law,” “Understanding the Amparo,” and “Latin American Corporation Law.”

Scholars’ Forum (Tues. May 19, 2015)

A one-day scholars’ forum is also planned for May 19th, the day before the GLS conference begins. Participation in this forum will be limited to 16 persons and will include special sessions on international legal research as well as the presentation of papers and works-in-progress. For more information about the Scholars’ Forum, send an email to Prof. Mark E. Wojcik at [email protected] with the title of your proposed work. Registration for the scholars’ forum is at this link: http://events.jmls.edu/registration/node/677

We hope to see you in Chicago this May for the 10th anniversary of the Global Legal Skills Conference!

Thank you,

Prof. Mark E. Wojcik, Chair, Global Legal Skills Conference
Prof. Lurene Contento, Chair GLS 10 Program Committee, The John Marshall Law School

Extraordinary Chambers for Cambodia Charges Two New Suspects

Yesterday, the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC) brought charges against two new suspects in only the third and fourth cases to be heard by the tribunal. The ECCC announced that former Khmer Rouge navy chief Meas Muth and former district commander Im Chaem have been charged in abstentia with murder and crimes against humanity, including enslavement, extermination and other inhumane acts, as well as grave breaches of the 1949 Geneva Conventions. For more information, visit the ECCC website.

(cgb)