Thursday, December 19, 2013
Immigration Article of the Day: Mandatory Immigration Detention for U.S. Crimes: The Noncitizen Presumption of Dangerousness by Mark L. Noferi
Mandatory Immigration Detention for U.S. Crimes: The Noncitizen Presumption of Dangerousness by Mark L. Noferi, Center for Migration Studies December 19, 2013
Abstract: Today in the United States, mandatory immigration detention imposes extraordinary deprivations of liberty following ordinary crimes—if the person convicted is not a U.S. citizen. Here, I explore that disparate treatment, in the first detailed examination of mandatory detention during deportation proceedings for U.S. crimes. I argue that mandatory immigration detention functionally operates on a “noncitizen presumption” of dangerousness. Mandatory detention incarcerates noncitizens despite technological advances that nearly negate the risk of flight, with that risk increasingly seen as little different regarding noncitizens, at least those treated with dignity. Moreover, this “noncitizen presumption” of danger contravenes empirical evidence, and diverges from parallel criminal pretrial detention reforms. Rather, it rests on stereotypes of dangerous, recidivist “criminal aliens”—even more salient to preventive detention determinations, given a noncitizen’s inherently speculative past. I preliminarily offer two theories for the “noncitizen presumption,” both reflecting expressive characteristics of immigration detention—government overcompensation for public “blaming the gatekeeper,” and complementarily, a social construct of noncitizens as invitees, derived from property law.
This is a forthcoming book chapter as part of the book Immigration Detention, Risk, and Human Rights, published by Springer and organized by the CINETS Crimmigration Control international research consortium.
KJ
https://lawprofessors.typepad.com/immigration/2013/12/immigration-article-of-the-day--5.html